Please read Penner and Saperstein (2008) article and address the following ques

Please read Penner and Saperstein (2008) article and address the following questions. (1) What is Penner & Saperstein’s ontological orientation with respect to race? Explain. (2) What are the two ways in which Penner & Saperstein conceptualize race? (3)  Identify the key variables in the study and describe the relationships (e.g dependent v. independent) between them that were being investigated.
Please write 2-3 paragraphs with 6-7 sentences per paragraph and address the questions above. DO NOT QUOTE from the Penner and Saperstein article. Paraphrase and write in your own words to address the prompt above. You can cite to the article, but avoid quoting as I have the article.